System Archives - chinaconnectu

Black Gold Politics (Hēijīn zhèngzhì 黑金政治)|Hēijīn zhèngzhì 黑金政治 (Black Gold Politics)

By Ashlesha Patil|2012-01-23T15:59:40+00:00January 23rd, 2012|Governance, Berkshire Encyclopedia of China, System|

Sonny LO The term “black gold politics,” which refers to the practices of an alliance of corrupt officials/elites, criminal elements,

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Governance System, Dual (Liǎngyuánhuà lǐngdǎo zhìdù 两元化领导制度)|Liǎngyuánhuà lǐngdǎo zhìdù 两元化领导制度 (Governance System, Dual)

By Ashlesha Patil|2012-01-23T15:59:40+00:00January 23rd, 2012|Governance, Berkshire Encyclopedia of China, System|

John G. BLAIR and Jerusha H. McCORMACK The People’s Republic of China, unlike other nations, is governed by a dual

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Cadre System (Gànbù zhìdù 干部制度)|Gànbù zhìdù 干部制度 (Cadre System)

By Ashlesha Patil|2012-01-23T15:59:39+00:00January 23rd, 2012|Governance, Berkshire Encyclopedia of China, System|

Thomas HEBERER Government buildings in Shanghai. The cadre system organizes the various Communist Party functionaries, civil servants, or government administrators

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Macao Special Administrative Region (Àomén Tèbiéxíngzhèngqū 澳门特别行政区)|Àomén Tèbiéxíngzhèngqū 澳门特别行政区 (Macao Special Administrative Region)

By Ashlesha Patil|2012-01-23T15:59:39+00:00January 23rd, 2012|Governance, Berkshire Encyclopedia of China, System|

Geoffrey GUNN A view of the harbor in Macao, China (formerly a Portuguese colony). PHOTO BY JOAN LEBOLD COHEN. On

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Caoyun System (Cáoyùn xìtǒng 漕运系统)|Cáoyùn xìtǒng 漕运系统 (Caoyun System)

By Ashlesha Patil|2012-01-23T15:59:38+00:00January 23rd, 2012|Governance, Berkshire Encyclopedia of China, System|

Di BAI For more than two thousand years caoyun was the centralized transportation system used by central governments of imperial

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Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Xiānggǎng Tèbiéxíngzhèngqū 香港特别行政区)|Xiānggǎng Tèbiéxíngzhèngqū 香港特别行政区 (Hong Kong Special Administrative Region)

By Ashlesha Patil|2012-01-23T15:59:38+00:00January 23rd, 2012|Governance, Berkshire Encyclopedia of China, System|

Geoffrey GUNN Macao Ferry Pier. The ferry connects one Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, to another, Macao. PHOTO BY JOAN

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Supervisory System, Ancient (Gǔdài de jiānchá zhìdù 古代的监察制度)|Gǔdài de jiānchá zhìdù 古代的监察制度 (Supervisory System, Ancient)

By Ashlesha Patil|2012-01-23T15:59:37+00:00January 23rd, 2012|Governance, Berkshire Encyclopedia of China, System|

Yamin XU A system developed in ancient China that primarily served as the means by which bureaucratic institutions and government

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Fubing System (Fǔbīng 府兵)|Fǔbīng 府兵 (Fubing System)

By Ashlesha Patil|2012-01-23T15:59:37+00:00January 23rd, 2012|Governance, Berkshire Encyclopedia of China, System|

Jennifer W. JAY Fubing 府兵 was the primary military institution that evolved during the Western Wei dynasty (535–556 CE) and

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Canton System (Guǎngdōng Tǐzhì 广东体制)|Guǎngdōng Tǐzhì 广东体制 (Canton System)

By Ashlesha Patil|2012-01-23T15:59:37+00:00January 23rd, 2012|Berkshire Encyclopedia of China, System, Governance|

Raphael ISRAELI The Canton System refers to the Qing dynasty’s practice of confining Westerners who wanted to trade with “The

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Lifan Yuan (Lǐfānyuàn 理藩院)|Lǐfānyuàn 理藩院 (Lifan Yuan)

By Ashlesha Patil|2012-01-23T15:59:36+00:00January 23rd, 2012|Berkshire Encyclopedia of China, System, Governance|

Paul D. BUELL The Lifan Yuan (Office to Administer Foreign Barbarians), established in 1638, was the Qing dynasty’s principal organization

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