Zhong Yong (Doctrine of the Mean) (Zhōngyōng 中庸)|Zhōngyōng 中庸 (Zhong Yong (Doctrine of the Mean))
Nirmal DASS One of Confucianism’s sacred texts, the Zhong Yong serves as a guide to achieving harmony—personal, social, and political—through
Four Books and Five Classics of Confucianism (Sìshū Wŭjīng 四书五经)|Sìshū Wŭjīng 四书五经 (Four Books and Five Classics of Confucianism)
James D. SELLMANN The Song dynasty scholar Zhu Xi streamlined Confucian education by compiling the Four Books: Mencius, Analects, Great
Wang Yangming School (Wáng Yángmíng Xuéxiào 王阳明学校)|Wáng Yángmíng Xuéxiào 王阳明学校 (Wang Yangming School)
Nirmal DASS A portrait of Wang Yangming, the philosopher who expanded the concept of the “thing” beyond materiality to embrace
Buddhism, Persecution of (Zhàojìnfó 诏禁佛)|Zhàojìnfó 诏禁佛 (Buddhism, Persecution of)
André LALIBERTÉ A statue of Buddha, symbolically peeling away his earthly shell. PHOTO BY JOAN LEBOLD COHEN Buddhism, introduced from
Huayan Buddhism (Huáyán Chánjiào 华严禅教)|Huáyán Chánjiào 华严禅教 (Huayan Buddhism)
Nirmal DASS A page from the Flower Garland Sutra, the principle document of Huayan Buddhism. The Huayan school of Chinese
Tiantai (Tiāntái 天台)|Tiāntái 天台 (Tiantai)
Nirmal DASS The first truly Chinese school of Buddhist thought, Tiantai, was founded in the sixth century. With its Chinese
Buddhism (Fójiào 佛教)|Fójiào 佛教 (Buddhism)
Ding-hwa HSIEH This stone relief sculpture decorating the Buddhist Temple of the Azure Clouds, in Beijing’s Western Hills, depicts a
Divination (Bǔshì 卜筮)|Bǔshì 卜筮 (Divination)
John G. BLAIR and Jerusha McCORMACK A fortuneteller in a nineteenth-century photograph. Harvard Yenching Library Archives. COURTESY OF JOAN LEBOLD
Religion, Folk (Mínjiān zōngjiào 民間宗教)|Mínjiān zōngjiào 民間宗教 (Religion, Folk)
Terence C. RUSSELL Wood engraving of a Thunder God. Throughout the premodern era the masses of the Chinese people, most
Confucian Ethics (Rújiā dàodé 儒家道德)|Rújiā dàodé 儒家道德 (Confucian Ethics)
James D. SELLMANN A drawing of Confucius from a seventeenth-century book. The original caption read: “Confucius, The celebrated Chinese philosopher.”